Which type of assessment tool gives the most reliable results for an older adult?
a. Medical history
b. Self-report
c. Observational
d. Report-by-proxy
C
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A Incorrect. The medical history provides information about the physical status of an older adult in the past and can provide little information about past psy-chosocial, environmental, and other issues pertinent to the health and wellness of older adults.
B Incorrect. A self-report tends to overestimate the person's abilities and health.
C Correct. An observational tool gives objective results based on the nurse's ob-servation and the older adult's complaints as told to the nurse. The nurse uses information obtained from subsequent reassessment and compares the new data to the baseline data to identify trends and constants.
D Incorrect. Report-by-proxy, used primarily when the person is cognitively im-paired, tends to underestimate the person's actual abilities.
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