A man tells his therapist that based on his 12-year-old son's consistently self-centered behavior, he is almost certain his son has narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). If the therapist wanted to explain the man's mistake, the best explanation would be that
A. NPD is diagnosed not from behaviors towards others but from statements about oneself.
B. personality disorders can't be diagnosed for people under the age of 18, so no qualified professional would say he has NPD.
C. self-centered behaviors usually die down after adolescence, so there's no need to worry yet.
D. people with NPD are actually very other-focused, they just have self-aggrandizing motives.
Answer: B
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What will be an ideal response?
One way in which stereotypes can distort reality is that:
a. they exaggerate differences between groups. b. they exaggerate differences within stereotyped groups. c. they increase awareness of evidence that contradicts stereotypes. d. they make it seem like groups are different, when in reality, most groups are exactly the same.
According to research on the self-fulfilling prophecy, when a person has an expectation about a target person that differs from the target's self-perception, whose beliefs will usually prevail?
a. the perceiver's b. the target's c. it depends on whether the expectation is positive or negative d. it depends on the perceiver's certainty about the expectation