Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. Zimring concluded that it was difficult to explain the significant differences in common crime and violence because the New York City of 2010 is in most ways the same as it was in 1990.
2. Both men of color and women of color carry the burden of imprisonment for drug offenses.
3. Diffusion occurs when the crime-reduction effects of an intervention occur beyond the intervention site.


1. true
2. true
3. true

Criminal Justice

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Since the 1980's ____________ has accelerated the organizational shift in policing from closed to an open system perspective

a. scientific management b. classical organizational theory c. community policing d. professional reform

Criminal Justice

You are on trial for an assault that you believe you are not guilty of committing. There does exist, however, in your record, a series of arrests for very similar assaults. Additionally, the person whom you are accused of assaulting has been previously fined and punished for false allegations of assault. You are not sure how this trial will proceed, but you have faith in your defense counsel. If your defense attorney begins to introduce evidence regarding the victim's prior record of false accusations, is the judge likely to allow it, and why?

A. Yes, because any information about the victim is permissible. B. Yes, because it is direct evidence. C. No, because it is circumstantial evidence. D. No, because courts seldom allow evidence that portrays victims in a negative light.

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According to the text, what did Haynie and Piquero find increased for both boys and girls who reached puberty at an early age?

What will be an ideal response?

Criminal Justice

Throughout history religion and religious texts have always been important sources of influence on the law

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

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