Stephanie and her identical twin Connie were separated at birth. Scientists recognize that due to confounding variables they cannot be sure which of the girls' traits are similar because of their genes and which are similar due to environment. Why?
What will be an ideal response?
Twin studies cannot rule out confounding variables, starting with the fact that identical twins look alike. People may treat the twins a certain way based on their identical appearance, which is an environmental influence and not a genetic one.
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Martina is studying for her calculus exam. She needs to write a paper for another class, too, but while she is studying for her calculus class, her mind shuts off the paper so that she can focus on her math. Martina is experiencing ____
a. learned helplessness b. the panic button effect c. the Zeigarnik effect d. goal shielding
Improving performance in areas of attention, memory, decision-making, and problem-solving are the main goals of
a. behavior therapy. b. social skills training. c. family therapy. d. cognitive rehabilitation.
An infant habituates to a series of similar stimuli. Dishabituation happens when a unique stimulus then follows. Dishabituation shows that
a. the infant detects that the new stimulus is different. b. learning is easy, but sensation and perception are hard. c. repetition affects the brain's evoked potentials. d. the infant's mind is filled with useless habits.
Depressants ______ activity in the central nervous system.
A. reduce B. increase C. stabilize D. multiply