Patients taking phenytoin (Dilantin) for control of seizures must be aware of the risk for which adverse effect(s)? (Select all that apply.)
a. Blood dyscrasias
b. Hyperglycemia
c. Urinary retention
d. Gingival hyperplasia
e. Insomnia
f. Sedation
ANS: A, B, D, F
Phenytoin may cause blood dyscrasias, gingival hyperplasia, and sedation and may elevate blood glucose levels, especially if higher doses are used. Urinary retention and insomnia are not adverse effects of phenytoin.
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