Based on the following phylogenetic tree, is the sun bear more closely related to the sloth bear or to the brown bear? Explain your reasoning.
What will be an ideal response?
The sun bear is more closely related to the brown bear than to the sloth bear, because the sun bear and the brown bear share a more recent common ancestor with each other. As such, they shared more evolutionary time with each other before splitting in their respective branches. While the sun bear appears closer to the sloth bear than the brown bear on the tree, it is simply due to the way the tree is drawn: nodes can be flipped.
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