What are potential beneficial effects of taking vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) supplements? (Select all that apply.)
a. Delayed progression of macular degeneration
b. Improved blood clotting
c. Lowered risk of developing Alzheimer's disease
d. Reduced risk of cardiovascular disease
e. Reduced risk of colds in elderly patients
ANS: A, E
Studies to determine the potential benefits of vitamin E supplements show a decreased risk of colds in elderly patients when vitamin E is combined with vitamin C, beta-carotene, zinc, and copper, and a potential delay in the progression of macular degeneration. Vitamin E may actually increase the risk of bleeding. Studies have not shown a decrease in the risk of Alzheimer's disease or cardiovascular disease.
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