Which statement regarding exotoxins and endotoxins is true?

A. Endotoxins and exotoxins are highly immunogenic, allowing for the development of protective antibodies and vaccines.
B. Endotoxin has targeted activity, whereas exotoxins have systemic effects when released.
C. Endotoxin is released from the cell wall of dead bacteria, whereas exotoxin is released from live bacteria.
D. Endotoxins and exotoxins bind to specific receptors on a bacterial cell, leading to the pathological events associated with the toxins.


Ans: C. Endotoxin is released from the cell wall of dead bacteria, whereas exotoxin is released from live bacteria.

Biology & Microbiology

You might also like to view...

The term paralog is often used in conjunction with discussions of hemoglobin genes. What does this term mean, and how does it apply to hemoglobin genes?

What will be an ideal response?

Biology & Microbiology

Eating undercooked meat can lead to food-borne disease via helminthic infection. What is the common host for Taenia solium?

A. Ducks B. Cows C. Chickens D. Geese E. Pigs

Biology & Microbiology

The rate of a reaction catalyzed by an enzymes usually ________ with temperature; however, at temperatures above the optimum range ________

A) increases; protein denaturation occurs B) increases; the reaction proceeds without the enzyme C) decreases; the reaction proceeds without the enzyme D) increases; the direction of the reaction reverses E) decreases; prosthetic groups are necessary

Biology & Microbiology

A mixed solution of water and small molecules is exposed to a cell membrane and allowed to interact for an hour. Which molecule would be most likely to cross the phospholipid bilayer without the aid of transport proteins and diffuse across the membrane the fastest?  

A.  Water B.  NH4+ C.  NH3 D.  CH3COO- E.  Na+ Clarify Question · What is the key concept addressed by the question? · What type of thinking is required? Gather Content · What do you know about diffusion? What other information is related to the question? Choose Answer · Given what you now know, what information and/or problem solving approach is most likely to produce the correct answer? Reflect on Process · Did your problem-solving process lead you to the correct answer? If not, where did the process break down or lead you astray? How can you revise your approach to produce a more desirable result?

Biology & Microbiology