Small artisans and craftspeople formed ________, or protective associations, in towns
A. guilds
B. coloni
C. orders
D. charters
E. hierarchies
Answer: A
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President Obama was the target of a number of significant personal attacks in the media, including the accusation that his election was illegitimate because __________
A) his supporters committed fraud to rig the election B) he had been a member of the American Communist Party as a young man C) his birth certificate supposedly identified him as born in Kenya rather than in the United States D) no electoral college vote had actually taken place
German conservatives gained power by playing on conflicts between __________.
A. conservatives and liberals B. nationalists and liberals C. conservatives and the working class D. liberals and the working class
The Spanish justified their claim to land in the New World through all of the following EXCEPT:
A) believing that their culture was superior to that of the Indians. B) violence. C) a missionary zeal. D) a decree from the Pope. E) defeating the English fleet in 1588.
After the Russian conquest of Kazan in the 1550s opened the regions of the lower Volga River,
a. few Russians colonized the area because of the lack of cities. b. the Russians focused mainly on the exploitation of the fur trade. c. large numbers of Russians colonized the region, but mainly they raised livestock and did little farming. d. the Russians developed the region for grain cultivation.