When the textbook authors refer to psychologists as scientists, they do not mean that all psychologists work with complicated gadgets and machines or wear white lab coats
The scientific enterprise has more to do with attitudes and procedures than it does with apparatus and apparel. Describe, in detail, the five key characteristics of the ideal scientist.
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: A good answer will include the following key points.
? Scientists must be precise. In other words, they must develop specific hypotheses and operationally define all important terms.
? Scientists must be skeptical. They should not accept ideas on faith or authority, but should treat all conclusions with caution.
? Scientists must rely on empirical evidence, not on anecdotes, intuition, or an appeal to authority.
? Scientists must be willing to make "risky predictions." They must state ideas in such a way that they can be refuted or disproved by counterevidence (principle of falsifiability) and they must be careful of confirmation bias.
? Scientists must be open to new ideas and must be willing to commit to full disclosure of their research methods and results.
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Most of Conrad's friends consider him to be highly neurotic. It is likely that, compared to his friends, Conrad is
a. less likely to perceive events as stressful. b. more likely to "choke" under pressure. c. less likely to use defensive coping strategies. d. more likely to perceive events as stressful.
Tyler’s parents moved to a new neighborhood, and one reason was so Tyler could go to a different school that had more sports opportunities. When they choose a neighborhood, school, church, or after school activities, parents act as ________, indirectly controlling children’s access to peers and other adults
Fill in the blank with correct word.
According to Freud, the dream process in which important emotions are redirected toward safe or seemingly unimportant images is
a. secondary elaboration. b. condensation. c. displacement. d. symbolization.
Having a secure base first becomes important to the infant when he or she
a. suffers from intermittent episodes of malnutrition. b. achieves mobility by crawling. c. gets fed up with being smothered by affection. d. notices that the faulty room heater is slow to warm up.