When Gordon Allport said, "The same fire that melts the butter hardens the egg," he was referring to the idea that
a. the same stimuli can have different effects on different people.
b. an individual's behavior is influenced primarily by environmental conditions.
c. a person's behavior is rarely consistent in different settings.
d. different personality theorists are all talking about the same thing.
Answer: a. the same stimuli can have different effects on different people.
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Aspiring singers copy the song style, and sometimes even the clothing, of established stars. What kind of learning is this?
a. Classical conditioning b. Primary reinforcement c. Fixed-interval reinforcement d. Vicarious reinforcement
The particular focus of sexual masochism and sadism is a desire to
a. humiliate or be humiliated, respectively. b. be humiliated or to humiliate, respectively. c. involve children or involve adults, respectively. d. use humans or use objects, respectively.
When the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented in the absence of the unconditioned stimulus, the conditioned response will "die out" in a process called ______________
a) CR fading b) extinction c) habituation d) generalization fading
According to John Dewey, the notion of “fitness,” as used in evolutionary thinking to account for current behavior in terms of ancient adaptations, was inappropriate as an account of behavior in the modern human world. Why?
a. modern human fitness has to consider and include social adaptations b. the current human environment is changing too rapidly for past adaptations to be serviceable to current adjustments c. biological evolution does not consider the fact and importance of civilization d. all of the above