The two Kansas City studies greatly affected assumptions about police patrol activities. Describe each study, including their findings, and explain the effect the studies had on the role of traditional preventive patrol and traditional strategies for
responding to calls for service. Describe some new strategies that were developed as a result of these studies.
What will be an ideal response?
Answers should describe the format of the Kansas City experiment on patrol, including three levels of patrol examined (normal patrol, increased patrol, and no patrol), and review the results of the study, including the lack of impact of patrol level on rates of occurrence of crime or on citizen fear of crime. This study has been credited with beginning the now-established tradition of scientific studies of policing. Answers should also discuss the Kansas City study on response time and explain the results, including the lack of effect of fast police response on citizen satisfaction or suspect arrest. These studies led to the view that almost anything the police could do would be better than random patrol. Answers should also include some discussion of new patrol strategies, such as various kinds of directed patrol, and methods of prioritizing calls for service, which were developed as a result of the Kansas City studies.
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a. True b. False
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a. True b. False
In his book, The Lucifer Effect, psychologist Phillip Zimbardo suggests that the abuses at the Abu Ghraib prison were the result of a bad social setting that contaminated the individual prison guard. What would Kant say about the difficulty of ethical conduct in the face of situation pressure to be unethical?
a. Unethical behavior is a natural result of peer pressure.
b. Ethical people endure, despite the situation, since they follow specific rules.
c. If the guards were better instructed by their leaders, this would not have happened.
d. It is better to conform that to risk retaliation at the hands of supervisors.