The nurse is using the PES model to write a nursing diagnosis. Which nursing diagnoses demonstrate that the nurse used this model appropriately?
1. Ineffective coping related to depression as evidenced by suicide attempt
2. Noncompliance (DASH diet) related to denial of having disease
3. Risk for infection related to recent surgery
4. Nutrition less than adequate related to anxiety as evidenced by weight loss of ten pounds
5. Ineffective Breathing Pattern as evidenced by cyanotic lips
Correct Answer: 1, 4
Rationale: The basic three-part nursing diagnosis statement is called the PES format and includes the problem, etiology, and signs and symptoms.
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