A nurse has been asked to present a program on blood pressure for a group of adults at a community center. Which of the following true statements should the nurse incorporate into the presentation? Standard Text: Select all that apply
1. Females tend to have higher blood pressure readings than males of the same age.
2. Middle-aged African American males tend to have higher blood pressures than American males of European descent.
3. Stress can result in an increase in blood pressure.
4. Blood pressure readings tend to be lowest in the evening.
5. During physical activity, blood pressure decreases.
2,3
Rationale 1: Females tend to have higher blood pressure readings than males of the same age. After puberty, females tend to have lower blood pressure readings than males of the same age.
Rationale 2: Middle-aged African American males tend to have higher blood pressures than American males of European descent. African American males over the age of 35 tend to have higher blood pressure readings than American males of European descent.
Rationale 3: Stress can result in an increase in blood pressure. Stress increases cardiac output and arterial vasoconstriction, resulting in increased blood pressure.
Rationale 4: Blood pressure readings tend to be lowest in the evening. Blood pressure is sensitive to diurnal variations; blood pressure is lower in the morning and peaks in the late afternoon.
Rationale 5: During physical activity, blood pressure decreases. During physical activity, blood pressure increases due to the increase in cardiac output.
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