In an experiment, Dr. Foster tests the effects of alcohol on memory by giving her experimental group a real beer and her control group a nonalcoholic beer. She then measures each group’s performance on a memory task 20 minutes later. In this experiment, the presence or absence of alcohol is the ______ variable, and performance on the memory task is the ______ variable.
a. correlational; causal
b. causal; correlational
c. dependent; independent
d. independent; dependent
Ans: D
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