The shift report states that a client has "crackles in both lungs." Which statement by the nurse, preparing to assess the client, best reflects a thorough understanding of the recorded assessment finding?
1. "I wonder if they are fine, medium, or coarse."
2. "I'll listen again and reassess after I ask him to cough."
3. "That musical sound is hard to miss as they breathe out."
4. "I wish it was recorded where in the lungs they were heard."
ANS: 2
Crackles are most common in dependent lobes: right and left lung bases. Fine crackles are high-pitched, fine, short, interrupted crackling sounds heard during the end of inspiration and usually not cleared with coughing; medium crackles are lower, more moist sounds heard during the middle of inspiration and not cleared with coughing; and coarse crackles are loud, bubbly sounds heard during inspiration and not cleared with coughing. Reassessing and asking the client to cough provide the clearest understanding of this type of breath sound. Musical sounds are representative of wheezes, not crackles.
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