Which of the following describes a significant difference between Fischer's and Piaget's perspectives on cognitive development?
A. the shift from variable to universal competence in Fischer's higher tiers
B. the lack of clear boundaries between stages in Fischer's model
C. the emphasis on actions in Fischer's first tier of development
D. the lack of emphasis on reflexes across all of Fischer's tiers
Answer: B
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Which of the following enhances the effectiveness of punishment?
a. The consequence should always be contingent on the target behavior. b. The consequence should be delayed. c. Reinforcement should immediately follow punishment. d. Warning cues prior to the administration should be avoided.
May refers to the fact that humans are both the objects and subjects of experience as the:
a. existential conflict b. human dilemma c. source of all human problems d. mind-body problem
Because Karen and Reliford are both affected simultaneously by events in each other's lives, they are
A. a good example of the contact hypothesis. B. interdependent. C. a good example of the matching hypothesis. D. exhibiting reciprocal causality.
The purpose of Kassin and Kiechel's (1996) study using computers and confederates was to
A. reflect the use of false incriminating evidence by police. B. demonstrate the effect of peer pressure in obtaining false. C. reflect the use of plea-bargaining by the police. D. demonstrate that everyday subjects will confess to an undesirable action that they did not commit.