Explain how nature and culture might interact using the relative age effect
What will be an ideal response?
• Possible response points:
• The relative age effect is the observation that children with birthdays that "just missed" the cutoff to start kindergarten--and thus are the oldest in their classes--tend to do better athletically, scholastically, and in a variety of ways.
• This happens in hockey, for example, because these older children in their "age group" tend to be bigger, stronger, and faster. Therefore, they get more coaching time and tend to have greater success in the hockey arena. Over time, this success, due to their physical nature, reinforces them for participating in sports and makes them want to persist. The younger, smaller children tend to be more likely to drop out of hockey participation.
• Yet this effect is also due to culture. Cultural practice is what created a date cutoff for starting school in the first place. Indeed, the fact that there is a school at all is a cultural practice. Culture created the date cutoff, nature created the size differentials around that date.
• Social animals help immediate kin; cultural animals have a broader sense of community.
• Social animals rely on aggression to resolve conflicts; cultural animals also rely on laws and ethics.
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Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
According to Robert Sternberg, who developed the _____________, intelligence consists of three aspects of information processing
a) triarchic theory of intelligence b) fluid intelligence theory c) crystallized intelligence theory d) theory of intellectual quotient
One criticism of Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs is that __________.
A. the highest level has never been attained B. self-actualization is actually a biological drive C. the hierarchy does not have any focus on social needs D. some people who struggle with lower needs may still satisfy higher needs
The Department of Health and Human Services regulations were developed because ethical violations persisted even after other ethical guidelines were adopted.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)