A good example of a variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement is:
a. weekly pay.
c. fishing.
b. piece-rate pay.
d. state lottery.
ANS: D
FEEDBACK: A variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement is based on an average number of responses between reinforcers, but there is great variability around that average. Slot machines, roulette wheels, horse races, and state lottery games pay on a variable-ratio reinforcement schedule, an extremely effective means of controlling behavior.
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a. ex post facto b. random selection c. random assignment d. error
Which statement about the placebo effect is FALSE?
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The act that mandates retirement, survivors', and disability insurance is the ____________________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
What causes the undifferentiated (or indifferent) gonads to become the testes?
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