The nurse prepares an insulin injection for the patient who has diabetes mellitus. Which does the nurse implement for correct insulin administration?
a. Gives regular insulin within 15 to 30 mi-nutes of meals
b. Injects insulin just removed from the re-frigerator
c. Examines vials of NPH insulin for ab-normal cloudiness
d. Administers NPH insulin for sliding-scale insulin dosing
A
The nurse administers regular insulin subcutaneously within 15 to 30 minutes of the patient's meal because it starts to work in 30 minutes to 1 hour; thus the patient eats around the same time as the insulin administration to avoid severe hyperglycemia, which occurs if the patient eats and does not take insulin, or hypoglycemia, which occurs if the patient does not eat and takes insulin. Although insulin generally is stored in a refrigerator to prevent decomposition, it needs to be at room temperature when administered. The nurse can draw up the dose and have it checked; then it will be time to administer it. NPH insulin has a cloudy appearance. Regular insulin is used for sliding-scale insulin and as needed insulin.
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