While changing the dressing on a patient's wound, the nurse notes that the wound bleeds easily. This is an indication of which of the following?
1. epithelialization
2. collagen formation
3. angiogenesis
4. contraction
3
Rationale: Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels in order to reestablish perfusion to the wound bed. The tissue is fragile and bleeds easily because of the numerous capillary buds. Epithelialization involves the migration of epithelial cells across a wound's surface. The cells rapidly undergo mitotic divisions and migrate along fibrin strands to reestablish layers of epithelium in an attempt to cover the defect. Collagen fills the wound space with fiber bundles that enlarge and form a dense structure that binds the tissues firmly together. Contraction occurs when the wound margins begin to pull toward the center of the wound to decrease the wound surface area.
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The nurse is caring for a patient in the emergency department who complain of chest pain. While watching the telemetry monitor, the nurse notes new S-T elevation in lead II. Which labs should the nurse anticipate being ordered for this patient?
a. Cardiac troponin T b. Potassium level c. Creatine kinase (CK) d. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)
Review of a patient's medical record reveals the presence of petechiae. How would the nurse interpret this information? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply
1. The patient will have a maculopapular rash that extends over at least 30% of the body. 2. The patient has sustained damage to capillary blood vessels. 3. The patient has sustained bruising trauma. 4. The patient will have small purple or red spots. 5. The patient probably has an infection distal to the point where the petechiae begin.
When instilling eye ointment, the nurse should:
a. apply the medication from the inner canthus to the outer canthus. b. squeeze the ointment onto the surface of the eye. c. instill topical anesthetic drops before applying the eye ointment. d. apply an eye patch following instillation of ointment for all clients.
What paradigm is used to describe a group of theories that adhered to a unitary process perception of human beings?
A) Simultaneity paradigm B) Being paradigm C) Human paradigm D) Unitary paradigm