During a home visit, the nurse observes an 8-year-old child pick up toys and place them in the toy box. The child then looks to the mother who says, "Thank you for helping me."
Which stage of Kohlberg's moral development is this child demonstrating? A) Individualism
B) Maintenance of social order
C) Punishment/obedience orientation
D) Interpersonal relations of mutuality
D
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In the stage of interpersonal relations of mutuality, the child will follow rules because of a need to be a "good" person in their own eyes and in the eyes of others. The mother's praise reinforces this behavior. In the punishment/obedience stage, the child does "right" to avoid punishment. In the individualism stage, the child will carry out actions to satisfy own needs rather than others. In the maintenance of social order stage, the child will follow rules of authority figures as well as parents in an effort to keep the "system" working.
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