Cross-sectional studies observe:
A. similar groups over different periods of time.
B. different groups at only one point in time.
C. different groups over different periods of time.
D. the same group over different periods of time.
Answer: B
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When Fido was being fed the dry dog food, the sound of the electric can opener was a(n)
a. conditioned stimulus. b. unconditioned stimulus. c. discriminative stimulus. d. neutral stimulus.
________ is the decrease in response to a stimulus that occurs after repeated presentations of the same stimulus, whereas ________ is a basic phenomenon of learning that occurs when a previously conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears.
A. Extinction; habituation B. Habituation; extinction C. Adaptation; habituation D. Habituation; adaptation
The research on expertise consistently shows that ______.
A. experts' advantages are limited to problems within their area of expertise B. experts are more intuitive than novices are C. experts do not need to spend as much time analyzing things as novices do D. experts do not notice as many details as novices do
Studies on the cultural differences in parental tolerance of under or overcontrolled behavior suggest that
A) parental styles make no difference in rates of different behavior problemsthey seem to be independent of culture. B) parental styles make no difference in rates of different behavior problemsthey seem to be primarily genetic. C) these different styles can produce different rates of problem behaviors in different cultures. D) all cultures feel the same about bringing their children for treatment, regardless of the type of behavior problem.