A patient who has recently begun antiretroviral therapy with a combination drug develops immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) with mild symptoms. What does the nurse expect that the provider will order?
a. Administration of a high dose of corticosteroids
b. Changing the regimen to a single antiretroviral drug
c. Temporarily discontinuing the antiretroviral therapy
d. Treating an underlying opportunistic infection
ANS: D
IRIS is related to specific opportunistic infections that must be treated. Anti-inflammatory medications, such as corticosteroids, may be used if indicated after the underlying infection is treated. Changing or discontinuing the antiretroviral therapy regimen is not indicated.
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A woman giving birth in the 1960s may have been given a narcotic plus scopolamine for the pain control. One major problem with this medication regimen was:
a. its lack of continuous pain control. b. it was expensive and available only to women who could afford the medications. c. it caused confusion and disorientation so the mother could not see the infant for several hours postdelivery. d. the father had to assume the role of decision maker during the time the mother was on medication.
The client who is experiencing alcohol withdrawal has a temperature of 100.6° F, pulse of 112 beats/minute, and BP 180/102 mm Hg. What would the nurse anticipate doing first?
A) Encourage the client to rest. B) Administer benzodiazepine as ordered. C) Monitor for any further changes. D) Provide emotional support.
The nurse can best avoid catheter occlusion in a client with a recently inserted venous access device (VAD) by
a. administering medications in small volumes. b. flushing the catheter per agency protocol. c. instructing the client to keep the arm extended during administration. d. using the catheter only for vesicant drugs.
What is an expected characteristic of amniotic fluid?
a. Deep yellow color b. Pale, straw color with small white particles c. Acidic result on a Nitrazine test d. Absence of ferning