The term ethnicity involves a group of people emphasizing shared __________.
A) language, history, and culture
B) socioeconomic status
C) physical characteristics
D) religion and beliefs
A) language, history, and culture
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Into what principal types of political organization did Elman Service suggest most societies could be classified?
A) bands, tribes, chiefdoms, states B) savages, barbarians, civilizations C) egalitarian, ranked, stratified D) archaic, traditional, modern, postmodern
Why do men and women likely speak differently even within a shared language and culture?
A) Boys and girls grow up in somewhat different cultures, leading to cultural differences in adulthood. B) Girls are innately capable of developing a larger vocabulary than boys. C) Boys are consciously taught to use dominant, forceful patterns of speech, while girls are not. D) Adult men and women rarely interact outside the home, leading to subtle cultural differences in behavior and speech.
The growth of a market for sugar in Europe spurred
A. a long-term improvement in the distribution of wealth among the rural peasantry of England. B. the movement of capitalism, once a cultural trait specific to New Guinea (where sugar was first domesticated), to the rest of the world. C. the development of a transatlantic slave trade. D. a tremendous expansion in the strength of independent indigenous nations of Mexico and South America. E. the movement of sugar-producing nations from the periphery to the core of the world system.
In understanding the problems with attempts at human racial classification, why is it important to know the difference between genotype and phenotype?
A. The phenotypic traits typically used to classify humans into races go together as genetic units. B. Phenotypic similarities and differences always have a genetic basis. C. Attempts at human racial classification have typically used genotypic traits like blood type as markers of common ancestry, and these traits are passed on from generation to generation in discrete bundles. D. Although phenotypic characteristics may change, the genetic material of populations stays the same for a long time. E. Attempts at human racial classification have typically used phenotypic traits like skin color as markers of common ancestry, but many such traits do not reflect shared genetic material. Instead, they are often the result of different populations biologically adapting to similar environmental stressors in similar ways.