A 55-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is examined for respiratory disturbance. Examination of his airway (bronchial) reveals that stratified squamous epithelial cells have re-placed the normal columnar ciliated cells
This type of cellular adaptation is called:
a. anaplasia.
b. hyperplasia.
c. metaplasia.
d. dysplasia.
ANS: C
Metaplasia is the reversible replacement of one mature cell type by another, sometimes a less dif-ferentiated cell type. Anaplasia is loss of cellular differentiation. Hyperplasia is an increase in the number of cells resulting from an increased rate of cellular division. Dysplasia refers to abnormal changes in the size, shape, and organization of mature cells.
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