An older adult client presents to the emergency room with a severe acid-base imbalance after taking "cold medicine" for a week. The client has a history of arthritis and reports daily use of aspirin. Which late effect acid-base imbalance does the nurse suspect the client is experiencing?
A) Respiratory alkalosis
B) Respiratory acidosis
C) Metabolic alkalosis
D) Metabolic acidosis
D) Metabolic acidosis
Explanation: A) Early effect of salicylate poisoning may cause respiratory alkalosis due to stimulation of the respiratory center; however, this is not a late effect.
B) Respiratory acidosis is not a late effect of salicylate poisoning.
C) Metabolic alkalosis is not a late effect of salicylate poisoning.
D) The highest mortality rate from salicylate overdose is among older adults who take a salicylate routinely for treatment of a medical condition, such as arthritis, and then take additional amounts or another product containing a salicylate to treat an acute problem, such as a cold or the flu.This older adult client is likely experiencing salicylate poisoning. Many clinical manifestations of salicylate poisoning are due to their ability to inhibit cell enzymes, resulting in accumulation of acids within the blood. This causes metabolic acidosis.
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