Explain Kobasa's concept of hardiness
What will be an ideal response?
One of the dispositional constructs involving perceptions of control is hardiness. The hardiness construct emerged from stress research as a way of describing a stress-resistant personality that exhibits existential courage. Hardiness is defined as a synergy of three cognitive elements, the 3 Cs of control, challenge, and commitment.
When persons approach life with existential courage they do not shrink from life's challenges but rather actively engage them in a form of transformational coping that serves to shape the outcome. Hardy individuals also perceive stress and change as less threatening, thus lowering their overall reactivity to stressors. In many ways, the concept of hardiness is similar to the concept of resilience.
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The single most powerful predictor of conduct problems in adolescence is ____
a. early antisocial behavior b. the combination of early antisocial behavior and involvement with deviant peers c. the combination of early antisocial behavior and poor parenting d. the combination of poor parenting and involvement with deviant peers
When learning to play piano, many people use the memory strategy of EGBDF: Every Good Boy Does Fine when learning the lines of the treble clef. What is the name of this strategy?
rehearsal || elaboration || repetition || organization || || ||
When a conflict exists between law and conscience, people at the postconventional level might ask themselves,
A) "What would make others think well of me?" B) "What makes for a good society?" C) "What would everyone else do in this situation?" D) "What should I do as a law-abiding citizen?"
Which of the following disorders was once the most frequently diagnosed disorder among soldiers in World War I?
a. acute anxiety disorder b. conversion disorder c. dissociative identity disorder d. hypochondriasis