Which type of viruses generally has the smallest genome?
A) bacteriophage
B) DNA viruses
C) RNA viruses
D) viroids
Answer: C
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Which of the following are unique characteristics or components of the adaptive—but not innate—immune system? Select all correct choices
A. immune memory B. opsonization C. natural killer cells D. phagocytosis E. specificity
What is the purpose of ionic groups in the active sites of enzymes?
a. to alter the substrate in a way that favors catalysis b. to catalyze an acid/base reaction required for synthesis c. to promote the binding of substrates that otherwise would not fit d. to generate an electronic current to provide the energy for the reaction e. to increase the salt concentration required for the chemical reaction to occur
Lysosomes contain enzymes that the cell uses to break down macromolecules and damaged organelles. The enzymes do not function as well, if at all, in the cytoplasm surrounding the lysosomes. Why not?
a. The enzymes are strongly hydrophilic, and dissolve too rapidly if they are not contained by lysosomes. b. The enzymes bind to the inner lysosome membrane and break down macromolecules mechanically. c. The enzymes require an environment acidic enough to damage other organelles within the cytoplasm. d. When exposed to cytoplasm, the enzymes automatically assemble lysosomes from free macromolecules.
photosynthesis requires ___________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).