What is the difference between phonological awareness, phonemic awareness, and phonics? In what sequence do young children typically acquire these skills? What does this sequence suggest about classroom instructional strategies?
What will be an ideal response?
Phonological awareness (realization that spoken language is composed of words, syllables, and sounds) is broader than phonemic awareness (realization that words are composed of phonemes). Both concepts are important for all young children to know if they are to become successful readers. Whereas phonological and phonemic awareness just involve sound, phonics involves learning the relationship between letters and the sounds they represent. The instructional sequence now recommended by research is to begin by helping children build the basic concepts of phonological awareness, then move toward helping children develop awareness that words are composed of phonemes, and finally help children develop awareness of letter–sound associations. Therefore, the instructional sequence is from broad concepts to smaller and smaller ones.
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