Melanie and Joseph, psychology researchers, decide to conduct a study on the impact of age-related changes on sleeping patterns. Melanie wants to observe a sample of ten 35-year-old people over five years, whereas Joseph wants to observe a sample of two hundred 25- to 35-year-old people over two weeks. Which of the following supports Melanie's preference for the method of study?
A. A cross-sectional study is better than a longitudinal study because cross-sectional studies avoid confounding age with cohort effects.
B. A longitudinal study is better than a cross-sectional study because longitudinal studies seldom present the problems of attrition.
C. A cross-sectional study is better than a longitudinal study because cross-sectional studies illustrate similarities or differences among people of different ages.
D. A longitudinal study is better than a cross-sectional study because longitudinal studies help establish age-related changes over a long period of time.
Answer: D
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