The nurse is caring for a patient who had spinal anesthesia. Which of the following effects from spinal anesthesia may affect the safety of the patient when getting out of bed for the first time postoperatively?
a. Hypertension
b. Hypotension
c. Hyperventilation
d. Hypoventilation
ANS: B
Hypotension results from sympathetic blockade causing vasodilation, which reduces venous return to the heart and therefore reduces cardiac output. Postural hypotension may occur if the patient rises too rapidly, creating a risk for falling.
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A health-promotion activity that the nurse can suggest to a healthy 20-year-old is
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The role of the institutional review boards for research studies is to:
A) determine the credibility of a research study. B) document the costs of the study. C) publish the research study. D) protect the rights of human participants.