The nurse is caring for a patient who is diagnosed with achalasia. The nurse determines that a common complaint of this disorder is:
A) Sensation of food sticking in the lower portion of the esophagus
B) Burning sensation in the esophagus
C) Frequent burping after eating
D) Recurring hiccups
Ans: A
Feedback: The primary complaint of achalasia is sensation of food sticking in the lower portion of the esophagus. A burning sensation in the esophagus is associated with hiatal hernias.
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A patient with a history of heart failure is being treated with digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse knows that this medication increases the force of contractions of the heart. What effect improves the contractility of the heart?
A) Positive chronotropic effect B) Positive inotropic effect C) Negative inotropic effect D) Negative dromotropic effect
A nurse's assessment reveals an area of erythema on an immobilized patient's sacrum. What is the initial nursing action?
a. Apply a wet-to-dry dressing. b. Massage the reddened area. c. Reposition the patient. d. Rub the area with alcohol.
A patient has an extensive bowel preparation of oral laxatives and enemas for a colon resection. What rationales should the nurse list when asked about the rigorous preparation? (Select all that apply.)
a. Reduces possibility of fecal contamination of the operative site b. Flattens the colon c. Decreases postoperative distention d. Avoids postoperative constipation e. Decreases straining at stool
The patient in the first trimester of pregnancy questions the nurse about the causes of fetal death
The nurse explains that factors associated with perinatal loss include: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply. 1. Maternal diabetes. 2. Paternal hypertension. 3. Fetal chromosomal disorders. 4. Maternal infections. 5. Placental abnormalities.