Compare the genetic factors involved in sleepwalking and narcolepsy.
What will be an ideal response?
Both sleepwalking and narcolepsy have genetic components. A gene in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) family has been linked to both disorders. Family members of people with a certain version of this HLA gene are 3.5 times more likely to sleepwalk than people without this version of the gene. In narcolepsy, the gene appears to result in an orexin deficiency due to an autoimmune reaction that destroys orexin-secreting neurons. The HLA gene is an immune system gene, so both sleepwalking and narcolepsy may result from an immune system response.
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According to Ivan Pavlov's ideas on classical conditioning, extinction occurs when a conditioned stimulus is no longer presented with
a. a negative reinforcer. b. a conditioned response. c. an unconditioned response. d. an unconditioned stimulus.
Kyoko is a well-trained suicide prevention hot line worker. She would ____
a. never be involved in evaluating a caller's suicidal potential b. always want to allow the suicidal caller to develop his or her own plan of action c. always want to establish a good relationship with a suicidal caller d. never ask the suicidal caller's age, religious preference, or name
Difficulties with language and verbal ability, attention and concentration, memory, problem-solving, decision-making, and sensory perceptual functioning are common to individuals suffering from
a. schizophrenia and depression. b. schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. c. obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia. d. antisocial personality disorder and schizophrenia.
Intermodal perception has been demonstrated in children as young as
a. the seventh month of pregnancy. b. birth. c. one month of age. d. one year of age.