Based on the information presented in the text, briefly describe how gangs developed in the United States
What will be an ideal response?
The first mention of youth gangs in America occurred in the late 1780s, when prison reformers noted the presence of gangs of young people hanging out on Philadelphia's street corners. By the 1820s, New York's Bowery and Five Points districts, Boston's North End and Fort Hill, and the outlying Southwark and Moyamensing sections of Philadelphia were the locales of youth gangs with colorful names like the Roach Guards, Chichesters, the Plug Uglies, and the Dead Rabbits.
In the 1920s, Frederick Thrasher initiated the study of the modern gang in his analysis of more than 1,300 youth groups in Chicago. He found that the social, economic, and ecological processes that affect the structure of cities create cracks in the normal fabric of society—weak family controls, poverty, and social disorganization. Thrasher referred to this as an interstitial area—one falling within the cracks and crevices of society. According to Thrasher, groups of youths develop to meet such needs as play, fun, and adventure, activities that sometimes lead to delinquent acts. Impoverished areas present many opportunities for conflict between groups of youths and adult authority. If this conflict continues, the groups become more solidified and their activities become primarily illegal, and the groups develop into gangs.
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Members of the lower class often view police in a different light than do members of the middle and upper classes
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false
At a minimum threshold level, probable cause for an arrest can be said to exist when a police officer has
A) the level of certainty which makes it more likely than not that the subject has committed a crime. B) a reasonable basis to suspect that criminal activity may be afoot. C) a mere hunch that a particular person has committed a crime. D) the level of proof known as proof beyond a reasonable doubt. E) more than a mere hunch but less than the level of proof needed for a conviction.
Ten terrorists were gunned down in an undercover operation carried out by soldiers in combat. This act exemplifies __________
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
The process by which a new inmate absorbs the customs of the prison society and learns to adapt to the environment is known as:
a. prisonization. b. socialization. c. integration. d. assimilation.