Which of the following may be causative factors of constipation? Select all that apply
a. Inadequate fluid and fiber intake
b. Lack of exercise
c. Busy schedules with no established elimination patterns
d. Excessive use of laxatives
e. Excessive use of alcohol
f. Specific medications
ANS: A, B, C, D, F
Constipation may be caused by inadequate fluid and fiber intake, lack of exercise, busy sched-ules with no established elimination patterns, excessive use of laxatives, and specific medications. Disorders that may originally be seen as constipation include hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, hypokalemia, hypercalcemia, and neurologic disorders.
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