To avoid stimulating the cremasteric reflex while examining the testicles on a male infant, the nurse should:
1. Warm the examiner's hands under hot water before palpating.
2. Place the examiner's index finger and thumb over both inguinal canals.
3. Distract the infant with a rattle while performing the examination.
4. Palpate the testicle under clothing.
2
Rationale:
1. Warming the examiner's hands might provide comfort, but will not prevent the cremasteric reflex.
2. The cremasteric reflex can occur when the testicle is palpated, causing the testes to retract toward the inguinal canal. Placing the index finger and thumb over both inguinal canals on each side of the penis keeps the testicles from retracting into the abdomen.
3. Distracting the infant might provide comfort, but will not prevent the cremasteric reflex.
4. The testicles should be visualized during exam and not examined under a gown or clothing.
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