Who is credited with laying the foundation of behavior modification?
a. Freud
b. Skinner
c. Watson
d. Pavlov
b
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Jessica is pregnant, and she is concerned about neural tube defects that may occur in the embryonic period. Explain to Jessica what can happen during this period of development if the neural tube does not develop properly.
What will be an ideal response?
Marge believes rather strongly that more money should be devoted to environmental concerns. However, she is agitated because she just signed a petition for a friend advocating the logging of a local forest in order to create new jobs. She then seems to soften her stance about the environment. This is best explained by
a. cognitive dissonance theory. b. self-affirmation theory. c. the inoculation hypothesis. d. self-perception theory.
How many children and adolescents with histories of maltreatment involving sexual abuse or combined sexual and physical abuse meet criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
a. 20% b. 30% c. 50% d. 60%
Regarding systematic desensitization, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. For most phobias, desensitization works best when people are directly exposed to the stimuli and situations they fear. b. For a simple phobia, like spider phobia, the procedure can be successfully done in groups. c. The effectiveness of desensitization is caused not by the actual process of therapy but by a client's expectations that the therapy will help. d. Desensitization can be completed in one session for some fears, such as riding in an elevator.