Which is a true statement describing the differences in the pediatric genitourinary system compared with the adult genitourinary system?
a. The young infant's kidneys can more effectively concentrate urine than can an adult's kidneys.
b. After 6 years of age, kidney function is nearly like that of an adult.
c. Unlike adults, most children do not regain normal kidney function after acute renal failure.
d. Young children have shorter urethras, which can predispose them to urinary tract infections.
D
Young children have shorter urethras, which can predispose them to urinary tract infections. The young infant's kidneys cannot concentrate urine as efficiently as those of older children and adults because the loop of Henle is not yet long enough to reach the inner medulla, where concentration and reabsorption occur. By 6 to 12 months of age, kidney function is nearly like that of an adult. Unlike adults, most children with acute renal failure regain normal function.
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