In operant conditioning, shaping involves:
a. positively reinforcing desired responses and negatively reinforcing undesired responses
b. demonstrating a response and then reinforcing the behavior when it occurs
c. reinforcing successive approximations to the desired behavior
d. switching to classical conditioning once a behavior is established
C
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The landmark discrimination problem is more difficult to do if you have damage to your _____ lobe.
A. frontal B. temporal C. parietal D. occipital
According to Sigmund Freud, the defense mechanism that is used when threatening thoughts and memories are pushed out of conscious awareness is:
a. retroactive interference b. retrograde amnesia c. repression d. Korsakoff's Syndrome
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. Specialized neurons that respond to specific objects such as buildings but not to other objects such as tools provide evidence for the modular view of object recognition. 2. Perceptual constancy means that humans are more likely to detect changing environmental stimuli than a constant stimulus. 3. Thanks to perceptual constancy, you probably can recognize the Mona Lisa, regardless of the angle from which you view it. 4. Perceptual constancy is one reason why humans find it difficult to perceive changes in stimuli. 5. Gestalt psychology emphasizes how a unified object is broken down into its component parts.
As we age, it becomes more difficult for us to hear _____ sounds
A) high-frequency B) low-frequency C) low- to moderate-frequency D) moderate-frequency