A middle-aged client tells the nurse that she does not want to develop "liver spots" like her parents have when they aged. The nurse instructs this client to:
1. Spend at least 15 minutes each day in the sun.
2. Avoid the sun or use a sunscreen to reduce skin damage.
3. Increase the intake of dietary fat.
4. Increase the intake of calcium.
2. Avoid the sun or use a sunscreen to reduce skin damage
Rationale:
Small areas of hyperpigmentation, or liver spots, occur as an age-related skin change because of hyperplasia of melanocytes in sun-exposed areas. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid the sun or use a sunscreen to reduce skin damage. The nurse should not instruct the client to spend at least 15 minutes each day in the sun to avoid skin damage. The intake of dietary fat or calcium will not affect the development of liver spots.
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