B.F. Skinner and Edward Tolman would have disagreed about the importance of ____ in affecting behavior
a. ?reinforcement
b. ?the environment
c. ?cognition
d. ?punishment
ANSWER:
b
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The enhanced efficiency in a synapse after brief rapid stimulation that makes up learning is called
a. short-term potentiation. c. synaptic transmission. b. long-term potentiation. d. action potential.
An experiment is internally valid if:
a. the outcome can be attributed to the independent variable only. b. the results generalize to other settings. c. the results may be attributed to either the independent variable or a confounding variable. d. the internal variables are operationally defined.
What have recent psychotherapy studies found regarding the relationship between therapist empathy, unconditional positive regard, and congruence/genuineness and therapy outcome?
a. These variables show no correlation with therapy outcome. b. These variables show significant but modest (<.30) correlations with therapy outcome. c. These variables show significant and strong (>.50) correlations with therapy outcome. d. Therapist empathy and unconditional positive regard are positively related to therapy outcome, but congruence/genuineness is unrelated to therapy outcome.
According to the article on object permanence Now You See It, Now You Don't, what aspect of Piaget's
test of conservation may have led to incorrect results? (a) it assumed that kids' visual abilities are tied to their motor skills (b) it assumed that kids and adults think the same way (c) by asking the kids the same question twice, kids may have changed their answer to please the researcher (d) children do not grasp conservation until they are in early adolescence