A patient, newly diagnosed with diabetes, tells the nurse that the only thing "different" was an increase in urination and the inability to quench his thirst. Which of the following is the patient describing to the nurse?
1. osmotic diuresis and dehydration
2. gluconeogenesis
3. ketosis
4. lipogenesis
1
Rationale: Urinary excretion of glucose produces an osmotic diuresis evidenced as excessive urination. As fluid is lost, serum osmolality increases. Dehydration stimulates the hypothalamic thirst center, causing excessive thirst. Gluconeogenesis is the process of amino acids being used by the body for energy instead of glucose. Ketosis can occur when the body uses fat for energy instead of glucose. Lipogenesis is the process of forming fat.
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The nurse is developing a care plan for a client who has had a stroke and is unable to assist with care at this time. Which problem would the nurse deem a top priority?
A) Risk for development of a pressure ulcer B) Risk for Injury C) Ineffective Breathing Pattern D) Social Isolation
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A. Familial hyperlipidemia B. Type 2 diabetes C. Congenital heart disease D. Peripheral arterial disease
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