The nurse is working with a client who shows signs of benzodiazepine withdrawal. The nurse suspects that the client has suddenly discontinued taking which of the following prescribed med-ications?
1. Sertraline (Zoloft)
2. Diazepam (Valium)
3. Haloperidol (Haldol)
4. Fluoxetine (Prozac)
2
Rationale: The only benzodiazepine presented in the options is diazepam (Valium). Benzodiaz-epines are effective only when used for short-term therapy. Short-acting benzodiazepines can produce withdrawal symptoms within 1 to 2 days, whereas long-acting benzodiazepines take 5 to 10 days for withdrawal symptoms to occur following discontinuation. Manifestations include insomnia, agitation, anxiety, irritability, nausea, and diaphoresis. The other options list an anti-psychotic ("sertraline (Zoloft)") and antidepressants ("haloperidol (Haldol)" and "fluoxetine (Prozac)").
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