Which of the following ankle-brachial index measurements require a referral to a vascular consultant?
A. ABI 1.2
B. ABI 1
C. ABI 0.9
D. ABI 0.5
ANS: D
The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is currently the easiest, least expensive noninvasive method for diagnosing PAD and is particularly helpful in the office and home settings. The ABI is obtained by the following steps:
1. Obtain brachial systolic pressure in both arms. Select the higher of these two values.
2. Use Doppler stethoscope to obtain systolic pressure in the dorsalis pedis or posterior tibialis vessel.
3. Divide ankle pressure by the higher brachial pressure.
The index should be 1 or higher. If it is less than 0.5, impairment to blood flow is significant. An abnormal ABI indicates the need for a vascular consult.
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