An individual has a genetic disorder in which their cell is not forming the correct protein structure for the cell membrane to allow entry of a particular ion. Doctors have determined that in order to help cure this person, they need to alter the shape of the protein. Which type of regulation of gene expression would have the greatest chance of success?
A. posttranscriptional control
B. translational control
C. transcriptional control
D. posttranslational control
E. pretranscriptional control
Answer: D
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You are studying a protein that you call Protein X. There is an aspartic acid at a key position in Protein X which is important in the folding and stabilization of that protein
If this aspartic acid is changed to a different amino acid, which one of the following amino acid substitutions is most likely to allow the protein to fold normally? A. threonine B. glycine C. arginine D. glutamic acid E. serine
Each nephron of the kidney consists of a long tubule and associated small blood vessels. Blood cells and plasma proteins are too large to enter with the glomerular filtrate. What is the correct path for the filtrate to follow through the nephron in the production of urine?
A. Bowman's capsule ? distal convoluted tubule ? loop of Henle ? proximal convoluted tubule ? collecting duct B. Bowman's capsule ? proximal convoluted tubule ? loop of Henle ? distal convoluted tubule ? collecting duct C. Bowman's capsule ? loop of Henle ? proximal convoluted tubule ? distal convoluted tubule ? collecting duct D. Bowman's capsule ? collecting duct ? proximal convoluted tubule ? loop of Henle ? distal convoluted tubule E. collecting duct ? proximal convoluted tubule ? loop of Henle ? distal convoluted tubule? Bowman's capsule
If necessary, our muscles can rely upon an anaerobic (fermentative) pathway to metabolize glucose, but this can only last a short period of time. Why can't our cells survive very long under such anaerobic conditions?
A) Fermentation doesn't extract enough ATP from glucose to sustain our energy-craving cells. B) Anaerobic conditions create a "carbon dioxide debt" that must be repaid before cells die. C) The ethyl alcohol that builds up in muscles as a result of fermentation is a toxin. D) Lactic acid causes the cell to die when it's exposed to even lower concentrations.
Transcription factors include ______________.
A. promoters and insulators B. silencers and enhancers C. activators and repressors D. activators, repressors, and translational factors E. enhancers and repressors