All real engines are less efficient than the Carnot engine because
a. they do not operate through the Otto cycle.
b. they do not operate through a reversible cycle.
c. the working substance does not maintain a constant volume through the cycle.
d. the working substance does not maintain a constant pressure through the cycle.
e. the working substance does not maintain a constant temperature through the cycle.
b
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Single-Slit Diffraction: When light of wavelength 450 nm falls on a single slit of width 0.30 mm, what is the angular width of the central bright region?
A. 0.086° B. 0.13° C. 0.17° D. 0.26° E. 0.35°
Energy and Momentum: Two objects of different mass have equal, non-zero kinetic energies. Which object has the greater magnitude momentum?
A. the heavier object B. the lighter object C. They both have the same magnitude momentum.
An object is placed 100 cm in front of a lens of focal length 20 cm. A second lens is placed 15 cm past the first lens. The second lens has a focal length of 40 cm. Where is the final image formed?
A) 25 cm in front of the second lens B) 8 cm in front of the second lens C) 8 cm after the second lens D) 10 cm after the second lens E) 25 cm after the second lens
The nearest star is at a distance of 4.4 light-years. Given that light travels at 300,000 km/s in space, how far away is the nearest star in kilometers (km)?
A) 4.2 1013 km B) 2.7 1015 km C) 3.0 108 km D) 9.5 1012 km