Which of the following statements are true about the clergy-penitent privilege?
a. The holder of the privilege is the penitent.
b. The clergy can claim the privilege on behalf of the penitent if the clergy is called to testify.
c. The clergy can refuse to testify in some circumstances even when the penitent has waived the privilege.
d. All of the above statements are true.
d. All of the above statements are true.
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According to Skolnick and Fyfe (1993), when the mere presence of police produces the desired outcome and use of force becomes irrelevant, this is known as ______.
a. presence b. persuasive verbalization c. command verbalization d. firm grips
What is the trend associated with current national dropout rates?
a. There has been a recent increase in dropout rates. b. There has been a decline in dropout rates. c. Dropout rates have remained consistent in recent years. d. Dropout rates have been increasing for almost all racial groups.
A database is
a. A way in which data are measured. b. A collection of data that have been organized for the purposes of retrieval, searching, and analysis through a computer. c. The main repository of a police agency’s data d. A rectangular table (or grid) of information
The U.S. Supreme Court has stated that the privilege against self-incrimination adheres to the _____ and notto the information
a. person b. prosecution c. victim d. witness