Which of the following statements most accurately describes the etiology of substance-related disorders?
A) Substance-related disorders result from the interplay of biologic, genetic, and psychosocial factors.
B) Substance-related disorders are primarily a result of the presence of an individual's inherently addictive personality.
C) The primary predictors of substance-related disorders are childhood trauma and parental abuse or neglect.
D) Substance abuse is a learned behavior.
Ans: A
Substance-related disorders have a complex etiology, and contributions have been noted from a combination of neurological, genetic, behavioral, and sociocultural sources.
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The nurse is assessing an older client during. In order to determine whether the client experiences presbyopia, the nurse should:
1. use an ophthalmoscope to visualize the retina. 2. ask the client to describe the tree outside the window. 3. ask the client to read from a paper. 4. test the client's hearing.
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The client will be having medication administered through a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) system after surgery
To assist the family members with an understanding of how this therapy works, which of the following explanations does the nurse offer to the family? a. The client has control over the access to medication when he or she needs it. b. The client can choose the dosage of the drug received. c. The client may request the type of medication received. d. The client controls the route for administering the medication.