A patient with severe diarrhea develops an imbalance of potassium. The nurse expects the client to exhibit which of the following symptoms?
a. Shallow respirations, lethargy, nausea
b. Kussmaul's breathing, thirst, furrowed tongue
c. Apathy, weakness, positive Chvostek's sign
d. Pitting edema, confusion, bounding pulse
ANS: A
Skeletal muscle activity diminishes with hypokalemia, resulting in shallow, ineffective respirations. The motility of the gastrointestinal (GI) system is slowed, causing nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, and constipation. Kussmaul breathing is a sign of acidosis; positive Chvostek's sign signals hypocalcemia, and edema and bounding pulse occur in fluid excess.
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